使用Builder模式创建多值组合搜索测试用例实践

一、需求
有如下的基于web的组合搜索功能，需要创建自动化测试用例：

我们需要在所有的输入框输入不同的值，进行非常多次的搜索，然后验证

二、实现
创建一个类 ClientBasicSearchFields 去代表所有的输入框,创建一个方法 doClientBasicSearch(ClientBasicSearchFields csf)去执行搜索的操作,通过ClientBasicSearchFields将参数传入

    public void doClientBasicSearch(ClientBasicSearchFields csf){
    	type("element identifier1", csf.getClientName());
    	type("element identifier2", csf.getClientShortName());
    	type("element identifier3", csf.getAddress());
    	type("element identifier4", csf.getCity());
    	select("element identifier5", csf.getState());
    	type("element identifier6", csf.getZip());
    	type("element identifier7", csf.getFirstClientSerRep());
    	type("element identifier8", csf.getSedClientSerRep());
    	select("element identifier9", csf.getBillingFre());
    	select("element identifier10", csf.getClinicalFre());
    	
    	clickAndPause("submit");   	
    }

接下去是重点，使用Builder模式的java类ClientBasicSearchFields

public class ClientBasicSearchFields {
	private final String clientName;
	private final String clientShortName;
	private final String address;
	private final String city;
	private final String state;
	private final String zip;
	private final String firstClientSerRep;
	private final String sedClientSerRep;
	private final String billingFre;
	private final String clinicalFre;
	
	private ClientBasicSearchFields(Builder builder){
		clientName = builder.clientName;
		clientShortName = builder.clientShortName;
		address = builder.address;
		city = builder.city;
		state = builder.state;
		zip = builder.zip;
		firstClientSerRep = builder.firstClientSerRep;
		sedClientSerRep = builder.sedClientSerRep;
		billingFre = builder.billingFre;
		clinicalFre = builder.clinicalFre;		
	} 
	
	public String getClientName() {
		return this.clientName;
	}
	
	public String getClientShortName(){
		return this.clientShortName;
	}
	
	public String getAddress(){
		return this.address;
	}
	
	public String getState(){
		return this.state;		
	}
	
	public String getCity(){
		return this.city;
	}
	
	public String getZip(){
		return this.zip;
	}
	
	public String getFirstClientSerRep(){
		return this.firstClientSerRep;
	}
	
	public String getSedClientSerRep(){
		return this.sedClientSerRep;
	}
	
	public String getBillingFre(){
		return this.billingFre;
	}
	
	public String getClinicalFre() {
		return this.clinicalFre;
	}


	public static class Builder {
		private String clientName = "";
		private String clientShortName = "";
		private String address = "";
		private String city = "";
		private String state = "";
		private String zip = "";
		private String firstClientSerRep = "";
		private String sedClientSerRep = "";
		private String billingFre = "";
		private String clinicalFre = "";
		
		public Builder(){
			
		}
		
		public Builder clientName(String value){
			clientName = value;
			return this;
		}
		public Builder clientShortName(String value){
			clientShortName = value;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder address(String value){
			address = value;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder city(String value){
			city = value;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder state(String value){
			state = value;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder zip(String value){
			zip = value;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder firstClientSerRep(String value){
			firstClientSerRep = value;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder sedClientSerRep(String value){
			sedClientSerRep = value;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder billingFre(String value){
			billingFre = value;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder clinicalFre(String value){
			clinicalFre = value;
			return this;
		}
		
		public ClientBasicSearchFields build(){
			return new ClientBasicSearchFields(this);
		}
				
	}
	

}

最后，在测试方法中这样使用

public void testSearchByClientName() {
// 进入我们需要测试的页面
		logInToTheSystem();
		navigateToSearchClientPage();
// 根据设置的参数进行搜索
		ClientBasicSearchFields csf = new ClientBasicSearchFields.Builder().clientName(
				“testName”).build();
		doClientBasicSearch(csf);
// 验证结果
		verifySearchResultsPage();
	}

如果需要同时输入多个值进行搜索，可以采用如下方式：

ClientBasicSearchFields csf = new ClientBasicSearchFields.Builder().clientName(
				"某某某").city("杭州").zip("310000")
				.build();

在每一个测试方法中，我们可以创建一个csf,然后通过这种方法初始化测试数据，我们每次可以设置的参数个数都是可以选的，可以很简单得去创建更多我们需要的测试用例。

三、总结
如果用普通的javabean, 也可以实现同样的功能。用builder模式，看上去更加阅读，而且比JavaBean更加安全（Effective Java第二版）